# 部署Nginx+uwsgi运行Django

虽然直接使用Django作为开发环境也可以，但是为了能够模拟线上生产环境，还是搭建Nginx结合uWSGI来实现：

```
the web client <-> the web server <-> the socket <-> uwsgi <-> Django
```

## 准备工作

* 启用virtualenv - 这里设置虚拟环境的名字是 venv ，也可以用其他名字

```
virtualenv venv
cd venv
source bin/activate
```

* 安装Django到这虚拟环境

> 注意：我的实践案例是将Django的站点部署在 `/home/huatai/works/mysite`

```
pip install Django
cd ~/works
django-admin.py startproject mysite
cd mysite
```

## uWSGI基本安装和配置

* 在虚拟环境安装uWSGI

```
pip install uwsgi
```

* 安装nginx

```
yum install nginx
```

> 注意：参考[centos部署nginx php](https://github.com/huataihuang/cloud-atlas-draft/tree/6f3204fffc11cf006abd394631e2598d98b415c3/studio/deploy_nginx_php_on_centos/README.md)对于没有开启IPv6的系统，需要注释掉`nginx.conf`中的`#listen [::]:80 default_server;`。
>
> 注意：默认CentOS7开启了防火墙，需要增加端口访问：

```
sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
```

## 配置nginx

* `/etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite_niginx.conf` 配置如下

```
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
    # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
    server unix:///nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock;
    # server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}

# configuration of the server
server {
    # the port your site will be served on
    # listen      8000;
    listen      80;
    # the domain name it will serve for
    server_name .example.com; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
    charset     utf-8;

    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

    # Django media
    location /media  {
        # alias /path/to/your/mysite/media;  # your Django project's media files - amend as required
        alias /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/media;
    }

    location /static {
        # alias /home/huatai/works/mysite/static; # your Django project's static files - amend as required
        alias /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/static;
    }

    # Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    location / {
        uwsgi_pass  django;
        # include     /path/to/your/mysite/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
        include     /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
    }
}
```

* 部署静态文件

在运行nginx之前，还需要在static目录搜集所有Django静态文件，也就是编辑`mysite/settings.py`配置添加

```
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
```

> 上述配置是 `STATIC_URL = '/static/'`之后，也就是如下配置

```
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
```

然后运行

```
python manage.py collectstatic
```

执行该命令之后，会自动在`/home/huatai/works/mysite` 下创建 `static` 子目录

* 运行Django

```
uwsgi --socket /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock --module mysite.wsgi --chmod-socket=664
```

如果要简化启动时候参数传递，则在`/home/huatai/works/mysite`下增加`mysite_uwsgi.ini`配置（这里设置10个并发线程）

```
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]

# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
chdir           = /home/huatai/works/mysite
# Django's wsgi file
module          = mysite.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
home            = /home/huatai/venv

# process-related settings
# master
master          = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes       = 10
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket          = /nfs-data/dev-7/huatai/works/mysite/sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket    = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum          = true
```

然后执行

```
uwsgi --ini mysite_uwsgi.ini
```

* 重新启动nginx

```
sudo systemctl restart nginx
```

此时，通过 <http://example.com> 或者主机的IP地址就可以访问到django的页面

## 参考

* [设置Django和Nginx uWSGI](https://github.com/huataihuang/cloud-atlas-draft/tree/6f3204fffc11cf006abd394631e2598d98b415c3/service/nginx/setup_django_with_uwsgi_nginx/README.md)


---

# Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation

If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://huataihuang.gitbook.io/cloud-atlas-draft/studio/nginx_uwsgi.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.